With hyperparathyroidism, what are the expected levels of Calcium and Phosphorus?

In cases of hyperparathyroidism, the parathyroid glands produce excessive amounts of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This hormone plays a critical role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. An increase in PTH typically results in elevated calcium levels due to increased bone resorption, enhanced renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increased intestinal absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract.

In conjunction with the rise in calcium levels, phosphorus levels often decrease as PTH also promotes renal excretion of phosphate. The increased calcium and decreased phosphorus levels are characteristic of primary hyperparathyroidism in particular.

Thus, the correct association for hyperparathyroidism is elevated calcium levels accompanied by decreased phosphorus levels, making this choice the valid answer. Understanding the pathophysiology and hormonal influences behind these changes is crucial for interpreting laboratory results in the context of hyperparathyroidism.