What is the primary carrier of Tularemia?

Tularemia is primarily associated with rabbits, which serve as the main reservoir for the bacterium responsible for the disease, Francisella tularensis. These animals can harbor the bacteria without showing signs of illness, making them a significant source of infection for hunters, wildlife enthusiasts, and domestic pets. Transmission can occur through direct contact with infected rabbits, bites from infected ticks or deer flies, or through handling contaminated materials.

While other animals like cats and dogs can also contract tularemia and serve as hosts, they are not considered primary reservoirs. Squirrels may carry the bacteria but are less commonly associated with human infections compared to rabbits. Therefore, the recognition of rabbits as the primary carriers underscores the importance of wildlife management and personal protective measures when engaging in outdoor activities where contact with these animals may occur.