What diagnostic test can be utilized to confirm concern about Brucella canis infection in dogs?

The serum agglutination test is a widely used diagnostic tool for confirming Brucella canis infection in dogs. This test works by detecting the presence of antibodies against Brucella canis in the serum of the animal. When a dog is infected with this bacterium, its immune system produces antibodies in response, which can be quantified using this diagnostic method.

The sensitivity and specificity of the serum agglutination test make it a suitable initial screening tool for brucellosis. A positive result indicates the presence of antibodies, supporting the diagnosis of infection, which is crucial for subsequent management and treatment decisions.

Other diagnostic methods, such as culture of blood samples, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, and a complete blood count (CBC), are generally not the first-line tests for routine screening in this context. While culture and PCR can provide definitive evidence of infection, they may be less accessible or take longer to yield results compared to the serum agglutination test. A CBC can provide information on the overall health of the dog but does not specifically identify Brucella canis infection. This is why the serum agglutination test is favored for confirming concerns about Brucella canis infection in dogs.