Following the observation of upper and lower motor neuron signs in a cat, what procedure should be performed to assess the condition?

The procedure that should be performed to assess the condition after observing upper and lower motor neuron signs in a cat is the examination and localization of the lesion. This approach is vital because upper motor neuron signs typically indicate a problem in the brain or spinal cord, while lower motor neuron signs suggest issues affecting the peripheral nervous system, such as the spinal roots or peripheral nerves.

By thoroughly examining the cat and localizing the lesion, a veterinarian can pinpoint whether the issue lies within the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system. This localization is crucial for establishing a differential diagnosis, guiding further diagnostic steps, and determining the appropriate treatment.

Other procedures such as magnetic resonance imaging or a spinal tap may provide valuable information about certain conditions, but these are often secondary steps that follow an initial physical examination and assessment of the neurological status. Neuroreflex testing helps evaluate specific reflex responses but does not provide the comprehensive overview necessary to identify the precise location and nature of a neurological problem. Thus, initiating with a thorough examination and localization process ensures that the most pertinent and fundamental assessment is conducted first.